Original Research
Life outcomes in adults living with FASD in a rural South African community: A follow-up study
Submitted: 27 November 2023 | Published: 26 August 2024
About the author(s)
Mandi Broodryk, Foundation for Alcohol Related Research, Cape Town, South AfricaJaco G. Louw, Foundation for Alcohol Related Research, Cape Town, South Africa
Debbie Acker, Foundation for Alcohol Related Research, Cape Town, South Africa
Denis L. Viljoen, Foundation for Alcohol Related Research, Cape Town, South Africa; and, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
Leana Olivier, Foundation for Alcohol Related Research, Cape Town, South Africa
Abstract
Background: Even though adults with foetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) are at risk of negative life outcomes, there is no published evidence of this in South Africa, which has the highest estimated FASD prevalence rate globally.
Objectives: The purpose of the study was to describe and compare the life outcomes of adults with FASD and adults without FASD in a South African rural community, 16 years after diagnosis.
Method: Participants were examined and interviewed regarding their biographical information, knowledge of FASD, information on their family, relationships, home circumstances, education, work and medical history.
Results: Adults with FASD were less likely to be in a relationship and more likely to have poor educational outcomes and to be exposed to violence as victim or perpetrator than their peers who did not have FASD. None of the participants with FASD completed secondary school successfully. No differences were found for independent living, employment, health, substance use and legal outcomes, between the foetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) or partial foetal alcohol syndrome (PFAS) and control group.
Conclusion: While significant differences existed in certain aspects, differences are not as stark as one would expect between individuals with FASD and controls.
Contribution: This study highlights the importance of considering the social context in which a FASD diagnosis is made. The comparative negative impact of an FASD diagnosis and the associated challenges on life outcomes may be less pronounced in rural communities where everyone has fewer opportunities and resources. This can also make the unique needs of persons with disabilities less visible.
Keywords
Sustainable Development Goal
Metrics
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